Fig. 5

CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell responses from rVirB-vaccinated mice before A. phagocytophilum challenge. Spleen lymphocytes from rVirB and control (pcDNA3.1/Ovalbumin)-vaccinated mice were evaluated for intracellular IFN-γ⁺ and IL-10⁺ production by flow cytometry. a representative plots, gated for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, depicting IFN-γ⁺, IL-10⁺, and double-positive (IL-10⁺-IFN-γ⁺) T cells. b and (c) bar graphs displaying total IFN-γ⁺, IL-10⁺, and double-positive (IL-10, IFN-γ⁺)CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. ^*, P = 0.01 to 0.05; ^**, P = 0.001 to 0.01