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Table 2 Comparative analyses of antimicrobial gene profiles of E. bungandensis isolated from ISS and clinical sources

From: Multi-drug resistant Enterobacter bugandensis species isolated from the International Space Station and comparative genomic analyses with human pathogenic strains

AMR genes and its role

AMR genes that are present in the strains that are:

ISS (n = 5)

153 ECLO

MBRL 1077

EB247

Cystine ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein

+

+

+

+

Cystine ABC transporter, permease protein

+

+

+

+

D-cysteine desulfhydrase (EC 4.4.1.15)

+

+

+

+

Spectinomycin 9-O-adenylyltransferase

   

+

Streptomycin 3-O-adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.47)

   

+

Arsenate reductase (EC 1.20.4.1)

+

+

+

+

Arsenic efflux pump protein

+

+

+

+

Arsenic resistance protein ArsH

   

+

Arsenical resistance operon repressor

+

+

+

+

Beta-lactamase (EC 3.5.2.6)

+

+

+

+

Beta-lactamase class C and other penicillin binding proteins

  

+

 

Metal-dependent hydrolases of the beta-lactamase superfamily I

+

+

+

+

Cation efflux system protein CusA

+

+

+

+

Cation efflux system protein CusC precursor

  

+

+

Cation efflux system protein CusF precursor

  

+

+

Cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance protein

+

+

+

+

Cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance protein CzcA

+

+

+

+

Cobalt/zinc/cadmium efflux RND transporter, membrane fusion protein, CzcB family

  

+

+

Copper-sensing two-component system response regulator CusR

  

+

+

DNA-binding heavy metal response regulator

+

+

+

+

Heavy metal sensor histidine kinase

   

+

Probable Co/Zn/Cd efflux system membrane fusion protein

+

+

+

+

Zinc transporter ZitB

+

+

+

+

Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxyl transferase beta chain (EC 6.4.1.2)

+

+

+

+

Amidophosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.14)

+

+

+

+

Colicin V production protein

+

+

+

+

DedA protein

+

+

+

+

DedD protein

+

+

+

+

Dihydrofolate synthase (EC 6.3.2.12)

+

+

+

+

Folylpolyglutamate synthase (EC 6.3.2.17)

+

+

+

+

tRNA pseudouridine synthase A (EC 4.2.1.70)

+

+

+

+

Blue copper oxidase CueO precursor

+

+

+

+

Copper resistance protein C precursor

+

+

+

+

Copper resistance protein D

+

+

+

+

Copper-translocating P-type ATPase (EC 3.6.3.4)

+

+

+

+

Copper homeostasis protein CutE

+

+

+

+

Copper homeostasis protein CutF precursor

+

+

+

+

Magnesium and cobalt efflux protein CorC

+

+

+

+

Membrane protein, suppressor for copper-sensitivity ScsB

+

+

+

+

Membrane protein, suppressor for copper-sensitivity ScsD

+

+

+

+

Secreted protein, suppressor for copper-sensitivity ScsC

+

+

+

+

Suppression of copper sensitivity: putative copper binding protein ScsA

+

+

+

+

Fosfomycin resistance protein FosA

+

+

+

+

Membrane-bound lysozyme inhibitor of c-type lysozyme

+

+

+

+

16 kDa heat shock protein A

+

+

+

+

16 kDa heat shock protein B

+

+

+

+

HTH-type transcriptional regulator YidP

+

+

+

+

Mediator of hyperadherence YidE

+

+

+

+

Outer membrane lipoprotein YidQ

+

+

+

+

Uncharacterized protein YidR

+

+

+

+

Mercuric ion reductase (EC 1.16.1.1)

   

+

PF00070 family, FAD-dependent NAD(P)-disulphide oxidoreductase

+

+

+

+

Mercuric resistance operon coregulator

   

+

Mercuric resistance operon regulatory protein

   

+

Mercuric transport protein, MerE

   

+

Acriflavin resistance protein

+

+

+

+

Macrolide export ATP-binding/permease protein MacB (EC 3.6.3.-)

+

+

+

+

Macrolide-specific efflux protein MacA

+

+

+

+

Membrane fusion protein of RND family multidrug efflux pump

+

+

+

+

Multi antimicrobial extrusion protein (Na(+)/drug antiporter), MATE family of MDR efflux pumps

+

+

+

+

Multidrug-efflux transporter, major facilitator superfamily (MFS) (TC 2.A.1)

+

+

+

+

Probable transcription regulator protein of MDR efflux pump cluster

+

+

+

+

RND efflux system, inner membrane transporter CmeB

+

+

+

+

RND efflux system, membrane fusion protein CmeA

+

+

+

+

RND efflux system, outer membrane lipoprotein CmeC

+

+

 

+

RND efflux system, outer membrane lipoprotein, NodT family

+

+

+

+

Transcription repressor of multidrug efflux pump acrAB operon, TetR (AcrR) family

+

+

+

+

Type I secretion outer membrane protein, TolC precursor

+

+

+

+

Inner membrane component of tripartite multidrug resistance system

+

+

+

+

Membrane fusion component of tripartite multidrug resistance system

+

+

+

+

Outer membrane component of tripartite multidrug resistance system

+

+

+

+

Multiple antibiotic resistance protein MarA

+

+

+

+

Multiple antibiotic resistance protein MarB

+

+

+

+

Multiple antibiotic resistance protein MarC

+

+

+

+

Multiple antibiotic resistance protein MarR

+

+

+

+

DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunit (EC 2.7.7.6)

+

+

+

+

DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta' subunit (EC 2.7.7.6)

+

+

+

+

LSU ribosomal protein L20p

+

+

+

+

LSU ribosomal protein L35p

+

+

+

+

Translation initiation factor 3

+

+

+

+

SSU ribosomal protein S12p (S23e)

+

+

+

 

SSU ribosomal protein S7p (S5e)

+

+

+

 

Translation elongation factor G

+

+

+

 

Translation elongation factor Tu

+

+

+

 

L-aspartate oxidase (EC 1.4.3.16)

+

+

+

+

Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase [decarboxylating] (EC 2.4.2.19)

+

+

+

+

Quinolinate synthetase (EC 2.5.1.72)

+

+

+

+

DNA gyrase subunit A (EC 5.99.1.3)

+

+

+

+

DNA gyrase subunit B (EC 5.99.1.3)

+

+

+

+

Topoisomerase IV subunit A (EC 5.99.1.-)

+

+

+

+

Topoisomerase IV subunit B (EC 5.99.1.-)

+

+

+

+

Streptothricin acetyltransferase, Streptomyces lavendulae type

+

+

+

+

Multidrug transporter MdtB

+

+

+

+

Multidrug transporter MdtC

+

+

+

+

Multidrug transporter MdtD

+

+

+

+

Probable RND efflux membrane fusion protein

+

+

+

+

Response regulator BaeR

+

+

+

+

Sensory histidine kinase BaeS

+

+

+

+

Conserved uncharacterized protein CreA

+

+

+

+

Inner membrane protein CreD

+

+

  

Two-component response regulator CreB

+

+

  

Two-component response regulator CreC

+

+

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