Fig. 6

Impact of ionizing radiation on Wigglesworthia and Wolbachia copy number in G. m. morsitans males. Four male and four female adults emerged from puparia exposed to different radiation doses at 22-days old were used to quantify Wigglesworthia and Wolbachia copy number at different time points post-emergence. Normalized qPCR data were transformed λ = 0.02 and λ = 0.2) to best fit the statistical normal distribution. * indicates a significant different between treatments at different levels (Tukey HSD at the 95% family wise confidence level), (* (P < 0.05 level), ** (P < 0.001), *** (P < 0.0001))