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Table 1 Different GMMs be enriched: This table list the statistically significant GMMs (U statistic of two-tail Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.05, FDR < 0.26, Effect size equal to (\( 1-\frac{2U}{nm}\Big) \)), where n and m is the sample size of case and control)); whole GMMs please refer to Additional file 9: Table S6

From: A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in asthma in UK adults

GMM_ID

Functional assignment

P value

Effect size

Asthma enriched

 MF0074

pyruvate: formate lyase

0.000162909

0.397597598

 MF0085

urea degradation

0.00026136

0.384984985

 MF0029

aspartate degradation II

0.000862902

0.351351351

 MF0063

glyoxylate bypass

0.003920233

0.304204204

 MF0049

threonine degradation I

0.004991377

0.296096096

 MF0040

proline degradation

0.008443348

0.277777778

 MF0091

ethanol production II

0.0093327

0.274174174

 MF0021

xylose degradation

0.011645774

0.266066066

 MF0051

arginine degradation I

0.012930992

0.262162162

 MF0059

anaerobic fatty acid beta-oxidation

0.020317732

0.244744745

 MF0050

threonine degradation II

0.030266319

0.228528529

 MF0069

NADH: ferredoxin oxidoreductase

0.035386145

0.221921922

Control enriched

 MF0098

hydrogen metabolism

0.002663119

−0.316816817

 MF0088

butyrate production I

0.017167351

−0.251351351

 MF0028

aspartate degradation I

0.028985702

−0.23033033

 MF0086

acetyl-CoA to acetate

0.029620059

−0.229429429

 MF0073

pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase

0.036904556

−0.22012012