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Table 1 Characteristics of the study population categorized by BMI

From: Comparative analysis of gut microbiota associated with body mass index in a large Korean cohort

 

Normal

Overweight

Obese

Trend

P valuea

Total

Subjectsb

529

326

419

 

1274

Male%

41.6

72.4

85.0

 

63.7

Age (years)

45.3 (9.3)

46.3 (9.0)

45.8 (8.5)

0.302

45.7 (9.0)

BMI (kg/m2)

21.1 (1.4)

24.0 (0.6)

27.2 (2.1)

<0.0001

23.8 (3.0)

Fat mass (kg)

13.9 (3.0)

16 .9 (3.7)

22.0 (5.0)

<0.0001

17.5 (5.3)

Glucose (mg/dl)

92.6 (11.1)

95.9 (14.8)

98.8 (17.3)

<0.0001

96.2 (15.3)

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

94.5 (49.6)

119.7 (70.1)

147.5 (84.3)

<0.0001

119.9 (72.1)

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

62.6 (14.5)

55.4 (13.6)

49.8 (11.2)

<0.0001

56.3 (14.2)

Systolic BP (mmHg)

104.1 (11.7)

110.8 (11.7)

116.8 (13.0)

<0.0001

110.2 (13.1)

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

67.8 (9.1)

71.3 (9.2)

75.6 (10.2)

<0.0001

71.3 (10.0)

Insulin (ulU/ml)

4.2 (2.4)

5.4 (3.0)

7.5 (4.7)

<0.0001

5.7 (3.8)

HbA1c (%)

5.5 (0.4)

5.6 (0.4)

5.6 (0.5)

0.180

5.6 (0.5)

HOMA-IR

1.0 (0.6)

1.3 (0.9)

1.9 (1.4)

0.003

1.4 (1.1)

Hypertensionb

14

19

56

<0.0001

89

Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM)b

12

15

15

0.191

42

Med. Of T2DMb

10

7

9

0.965

26

Subjects with nutrient informationb

387

245

308

 

940

Male%

40.8

71.8

84.7

 

65.4

Total calorie (kcal/day)

1423.5 (603.8)

1543.7 (679.8)

1596.9 (669.5)

0.001

1512.3 (649.9)

Carbohydrate (g/day)c

251.2 (47.8)

257.3 (46.7)

251.2 (50.2)

1.000

253.0 (46.7)

Fiber (g/day)c

13.1 (5.6)

12.8 (5.5)

12.4 (5.0)

0.064

12.8 (5.4)

Fat (g/day)c

27.0 (11.9)

26.8 (12.7)

28.3 (12.6)

0.211

27.4 (12.2)

Protein (g/day)c

49.7 (11.0)

50.0 (10.6)

51.0 (10.7)

0.156

50.3 (10.7)

  1. Data are presented as mean (SD)
  2. BMI body mass index, HDL high-density lipoprotein, BP blood pressure, HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (insulin (μU/mL) × glucose (mg/dL)/405)
  3. aTrend P value from multiple logistic regression analysis
  4. bCount data
  5. cNutrients adjusted for energy using the residual method