Voltage | Log reduction [log10 (N0/N)]a by treatment time (s) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gradient | °Brix | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | |||||||
30 V/cm | 72 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.64 ± 0.30 | AB | 0.72 ± 0.28 | B | 1.23 ± 0.28 | B | 0.90 ± 0.20 | B | 1.06 ± 0.77 | B | 1.40 ± 0.44 | B |
48 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.52 ± 0.21 | B | 0.33 ± 0.15 | AB | 0.69 ± 0.18 | BC | 1.08 ± 0.30 | C | 1.86 ± 0.54 | D | 2.88 ± 0.48 | E | |
36 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.29 ± 0.06 | AB | 0.43 ± 0.15 | B | 0.80 ± 0.08 | C | 1.62 ± 0.25 | D | 3.99 ± 0.33 | E | 6.71 ± 0.13 | F | |
24 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.22 ± 0.19 | A | 0.31 ± 0.14 | A | 0.93 ± 0.26 | B | 1.81 ± 0.25 | C | 3.42 ± 0.50 | D | 6.70 ± 0.16 | E | |
18 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.09 ± 0.10 | A | 0.17 ± 0.11 | AB | 0.48 ± 0.23 | B | 0.87 ± 0.07 | C | 1.44 ± 0.22 | D | 3.27 ± 0.40 | E | |
60 V/cm | 72 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.61 ± 0.12 | AB | 0.90 ± 0.30 | B | 1.00 ± 0.51 | B | 1.06 ± 0.54 | B | 1.26 ± 0.30 | B | 1.20 ± 0.66 | B |
48 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.42 ± 0.44 | A | 5.81 ± 0.06 | B | ND | ND | ND | ND | |||||
36 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.83 ± 0.32 | B | 6.10 ± 0.24 | C | ND | ND | ND | ND | |||||
24 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.79 ± 0.88 | A | 6.61 ± 0.13 | B | ND | ND | ND | ND | |||||
18 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | A | 0.65 ± 0.45 | B | 6.68 ± 0.14 | C | ND | ND | ND | ND |