Fig. 1From: Lactobacillus-derived extracellular vesicles enhance host immune responses against vancomycin-resistant enterococci a Electron microscopy of L. plantarum WCFS1 EVs. Representative transmission electron micrograph shows EVs isolated from L. plantarum growth medium, magnification 92,000. EVs measure between 30 and 150Â nm in diameter and have the morphologic appearance consistent with EVs. b NanoSight size analysis of L. plantarum WCFS1 EVs. The graph represents the size (X-axis) versus concentration (Y-axis) where the white line represents EV size distribution, and the gray line is the accumulated percent of EVs assayed. Over 80% of EVs are sized between 31Â nm and 200Â nm, while the highest enriched EVs are around 101Â nm. c Gene ontology analysis of L. plantarum WCFS1 EV proteome. Eighteen out of thirty-one proteins were found to be part of membrane or associated with membrane, where typical bacterial EVs either get produced or exportedBack to article page