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Table 4 Resistance to antimicrobials by B. cereus sensu lato isolated from dairy farms and milk products

From: Prevalence, virulence factor genes and antibiotic resistance of Bacillus cereus sensu lato isolated from dairy farms and traditional dairy products

Antibiotic

aBreakpoints

bInterpretation n (%)

S (≤)

R (≥)

S

I

R

Amoxicillin

4

8

0

0

96 (100)

Ampicillin

0.25

0.5

0

2 (0.02)

94 (98)

Cefepime

0

0

0

0

96 (100)

Chloramphenicol

8

32

95 (99)

1 (0.01)

0

Ciprofloxacin

1

4

96 (100)

0

0

Clindamycin

0.5

4

96 (100)

0

0

Erythromycin

0.5

4

88 (92)

8 (8)

0

Gentamicin

4

16

96 (100)

0

0

Oxacillin

2

4

3 (3)

5 (5)

88 (92)

Penicillin

0.12

0.25

0

0

96 (100)

Quinupristin/dalfopristin

1

4

96 (100)

0

0

Rifampin

1

4

96 (100)

0

0

Tetracycline

4

16

93 (97)

3 (3)

0

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

2

4

0

19 (20)

77 (80)

Vancomycin

4

>4

96 (100)

0

0

  1. aThe breakpoints against B. cereus in the CLSI guideline M45A2E (2010) and M45-P (2005) were used for all antimicrobial agents except oxacillin and quinupristin/dalfopristin for which the breakpoints for Staphylococcus spp. in the CLSI guidelines M 100-S22 (2012) and S24 (2014) were used
  2. b S susceptible, I intermediate, R resistant