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Table 5 Correlates of enteric pathogenic protozoa in water sources-bivariate analysis

From: Prevalence, characteristics and correlates of enteric pathogenic protozoa in drinking water sources in Molyko and Bomaka, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

Predictor

N

%

OR*

95 % CI

p-value

Location of water source

 Closed

28

54.9

Ref

  

 Open

69

66.3

1.62

0.82–3.21

0.16

Lid on water source

 NA

87

65.1

Ref

  

 Yes

15

51.7

0.57

0.25–1.30

0.18

Height above ground level

  ≤ 1 m

6

60.0

Ref

  

  > 1 m

88

62.4

1.11

0.30–4.10

0.88

 NA

3

75.0

2.00

0.15–26.72

0.60

Pipes exposed

 Not exposed

56

58.9

Ref

  

 Exposed

35

74.5

2.03

0.94–4.39

0.07

 NA

6

46.2

0.60

0.19–1.91

0.40

Distance from toilet

  ≤ 1 m

2

66.7

Ref

  

 2–10 m

7

77.8

1.75

0.10–30.82

0.70

  > 10 m

88

61.5

0.80

0.07–9.03

0.86

Distance from septic tank

  > 10 m

77

60.2

Ref

  

  ≤ 10 m

20

74.1

1.89

0.75–4.80

0.17

Distance from farm

  ≤ 1 m

11

64.7

Ref

  

 2–10 m

14

63.6

0.95

0.25–3.57

0.94

  > 10 m

72

62.1

0.89

0.31–2.58

0.83

Animals around source

  > 10 m

94

61.8

Ref

  

  ≤ 10 m

3

100.0

0.00

0.00- > 1.0E12

0.24

Existence of water source

  ≤ 5 years

51

72.9

Ref

  

 6–10years

20

54.1

0.44

0.19–1.01

0.05

  > 10 years

26

54.2

0.44

0.20–0.96

0.04

Mud

 Present

42

68.9

Ref

  

 Absent

55

58.5

0.64

0.32–1.26

0.19

Covered by cement

 Present

64

58.7

Ref

  

 Absent

33

71.7

1.78

0.85–3.77

0.13

Stagnant water

 Present

39

68.4

Ref

  

 Absent

58

59.2

0.67

0.33–1.33

0.25

Enter water with feet

 Yes

4

80.0

Ref

  

 No/NA

93

62.0

0.41

0.04–3.74

0.38

Cleaning frequency

 Never/rarely

17

89.5

Ref

  

 Weekly

46

57.5

0.16

0.03–0.73

0.02

 Monthly

31

60.8

0.18

0.04–0.87

0.03

 Yearly

3

60.0

0.18

0.02–1.78

0.14

pH

 7

72

57.6

Ref

  

 6

25

83.3

3.68

1.32–10.24

0.01

Turbidity

 Cloudy/contain particles

11

78.6

Ref

  

 Clear

86

61.0

0.43

0.11–1.60

0.19

Odour

 Yes

9

90.0

Ref

  

 No

88

60.7

0.17

0.02–1.39

0.06

Sliminess

 Yes

4

40.0

Ref

  

 No

93

64.1

2.68

0.72–9.94

0.12

  1. *OR unadjusted odds ratio, OR odds ratio, N frequency of positive sample, % percentage of positive samples, NA not applicable to the factor being studied, Ref reference variable category, CI confidence interval, p-values ≤0.2 suggests a possible association to the presence of enteric pathogenic protozoa