Table 2 Characteristics of water sources of the 155 collected samples
Characteristics of water source | Frequency (N) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
Location of the water source | ||
Open (outdoor) | 104 | 67.1 |
Closed (indoor) | 51 | 32.9 |
Lid on water source | ||
Present | 29 | 18.7 |
NA* | 126 | 81.3 |
Height above the ground | ||
≤ 1 metre | 10 | 6.5 |
> 1 metre | 141 | 91.0 |
NA* | 4 | 2.6 |
Pipes exposed | ||
Not exposed | 95 | 61.3 |
Exposed | 47 | 30.3 |
NA | 13 | 8.4 |
Distance from toilet or pit latrine | ||
0–1 m | 3 | 1.9 |
2–10 m | 9 | 5.8 |
> 10 m | 143 | 92.3 |
Distance from septic tanks | ||
0–1 m | 1 | 0.6 |
2–10 m | 26 | 16.8 |
> 10 m | 128 | 82.6 |
Distance from farms | ||
0–1 m | 17 | 11.0 |
2–10 m | 22 | 14.2 |
> 10 m | 116 | 74.8 |
Animals around source | ||
0–1 m | 2 | 1.3 |
2–10 m | 1 | 0.6 |
> 10 m | 155 | 98.1 |
Existence of source | ||
0–5 years | 70 | 45.2 |
6–10 years | 37 | 23.9 |
> 10 years | 48 | 31.0 |
Mud around source | ||
Absent | 94 | 60.6 |
Present | 61 | 39.4 |
Covered by cement | ||
Absent | 46 | 29.7 |
Present | 109 | 70.3 |
Stagnant water | ||
Absent | 98 | 63.2 |
Present | 57 | 36.8 |
Enter water with feet | ||
No | 2 | 1.3 |
Yes | 5 | 3.2 |
NA* | 148 | 95.5 |
Cleaning frequency | ||
Never or rarely | 19 | 12.3 |
Weekly | 80 | 51.6 |
Monthly | 51 | 32.9 |
Yearly | 5 | 3.2 |
pH | ||
6 | 30 | 19.4 |
7 | 125 | 80.6 |
Turbidity | ||
Clear | 141 | 91.0 |
Cloudy | 2 | 1.3 |
Brownish | 2 | 1.3 |
Contain particles | 10 | 6.5 |
Odour | ||
No | 145 | 93.5 |
Yes | 10 | 6.5 |
Sliminess | ||
Not slimy | 145 | 93.5 |
Slimy | 10 | 6.5 |