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Figure 1 | BMC Microbiology

Figure 1

From: High temporal resolution of glucosyltransferase dependent and independent effects of Clostridium difficile toxins across multiple cell types

Figure 1

Measurement of toxins’ cytopathic effects by tracking electrical impedance across the surface of a cell culture. All impedance readings were divided by the impedance at the time toxin was added (normalized impedance). Shaded regions above and below lines represent the standard deviation of technical replicates (n = 2). Readings were taken as quickly as every four seconds (Methods). The brightness of each photograph was adjusted digitally (uniformly across an entire photograph) to make the overall brightness across all photographs similar.

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