Enterococci in river Ganga surface waters: Propensity of species distribution, dissemination of antimicrobial-resistance and virulence-markers among species along landscape

Table 3 Antimicrobial-resistance and virulence-markers investigated in each Enterococcus isolate on sites located in the up-to-down-gradient landscape

Sampling site	No. of samples analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility or virulence-marker/s (%)	Antimicrobial-resistance (AR) and Virulence-markers (VM) characterized per isolate [Median (Range)]^a	p-Value^b
site 1	6 (7.14)	AR: 5 (3 – 6)	0.0156*
		VM: 2 (1 – 3)	0.0156*
site 2	17 (20.24)	AR: 5 (4 – 5)	0.0001*
		VM: 2 (1 – 2)	0.0002*
site 3	19 (22.62)	AR: 7 (5 – 7)	< 0.0001*
		VM: 1 (1 – 4)	< 0.0001*
site 4	18 (21.43)	AR: 5 (5 – 6)	0.0001*
		VM: 2 (1 – 2)	< 0.0001*
site 5	24 (28.57)	AR: 5 (5 – 6)	< 0.0001*
		VM: 2 (2 – 3)	< 0.0001*

^aMedian and range are reported to match more consistently with the nonparametric statistical tests performed.
^ap-Value was calculated using Wilcoxon rank sum test. *Statistically significant at alpha = 0.05.

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