Antimicrobial peptides effectively kill a broad spectrum of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus strains independently of origin, sub-type, or virulence factor expression

Table 1 Origin, serotype, lineage, and MIC values of the Listeria monocytogenes strains used in the present study

Strain	Origin	Sero	Lin	MIC^a						Ref
				Pro	Ple	NoC	NoS	hBD	H₂O₂
La22	CS^b salmon	1/2a	2	16	128	4	64	16/16	0.23	[42]
V518a	Fish processing	4b	1	32	64	8	64	-	0.94	[42]
N53-1	Fish processing	1/2a	2	16	128	2	32	16/32	0.47	[43]
No40-1	Fish processing	1/2a	2	16	128	4	64	-	0.47	[43]
R479a	CS salmon	1/2a	2	16	128	4	64	-	0.47	[42]
O57	Gravad salmon	1/2a	2	16	128	4	128	-	0.47	[44]
H13-1	Fish processing	1/2a	2	16	128	4	64	-	0.94	[43]
La111	CS salmon	1/2a	2	8	64	4	32	8/16	0.94	[45]
M103-1	Fish processing	1/2a	2	32	128	4	64	-	0.94	[43]
EGD	Wildtype	1/2a	2	8	64	4	64	16/16	0.47	^c
2375	EGD perR del	1/2a	2	32	64	4	32	-	0.94	[46]
2374	EGD perR ins	1/2a	2	32	128	4	32	-	0.94	[46]
2275	EGD dps del	1/2a	2	16	64	4	64	-	0.94	[47]
2317	EGD prfA del	1/2a	2	16	128	4	64	-	0.94	^c
2315	EGD sigB del	1/2a	2	8	64	4	64	-	0.94	[48]
2307	EGD resD del	1/2a	2	8	128	2	32	-	0.12	^d
LO28	Wildtype	1/2c	2	8	64	2	16	-	0.47	[17]
4666	Human clinical	1/2b	1	8	64	8	64	-	0.18	[49]
4459	Human clinical	1/2a	2	16	128	4	32	-	0.23	[49]
7418	Spread. sausage	1/2b	1	32	64	4	64	4/8	0.18	[49]
4446	Human clinical	4b	1	16	64	4	64	16/16	0.47	[49]
6895	Ham	1/2a	2	16	128	4	96	-	0.35	[49]
7291	Pasta w chicken	4b	1	32	64	8	128	-	0.47	[49]
4239	Human clinical	1/2a	2	32	64	4	64	-	0.23	[49]
Scott A	Human clinical	4b	1	16	64	4	32	8/8	N.D.	^e

^a MIC values are given in μg/ml for the five human defense peptides and in % (V/V) for H₂O₂.
^b CS: Cold-smoked
^c The strains were kindly provided by Werner Goebel, University of Würzburg
^d The strain was kindly provided by Marianne Halberg Larsen, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences.
^e The strain was kindly provided by Campden Food and Drink Association, UK.

ISSN: 1471-2180