Table 2 Polyamine profile in Caco-2 cells after 6 h of exposure to viable L.GG (10 ⁸ CFU/ml), L.GG-HK and L.GG-CM, alone or in combination with gliadin (1 mg/ml)

Putrescine

0.15 ± 0.1^a

0.12 ± 0.1^a

0.1 ± 0.2^a

0.12 ± 0.1^a

0.2 ± 0.005^a

0.2 ± 0.008^a

0.16 ± 0.005^a

0.2 ± 0.01^a

Spermidine

6.9 ± 0.08^a

3.3 ± 0.1^c

3.8 ± 0.2^c

6.8 ± 0.09^a

9.3 ± 0.05^b

6.0 ± 0.06^a

7.1 ± 0.05^a

8.2 ± 0.2^ab

Spermine

7.8 ± 0.05^a

4.3 ± 0.04^c

5.3 ± 0.5^c

7.5 ± 0.05^a

11.1 ± 0.3^b

4.3 ± 0.1^c

8.9 ± 0.03^a

11.3 ± 0.09 ^ab

Total polyamines

14.3 ± 0.3^a

7.9 ± 0.5^c

9.1 ± 0.6^c

14.4 ± 0.5^a

20.9 ± 0.8^b

10.3 ± 0.4^c

15.9 ± 0.3^a

20.01 ± 0.5^b