Characterization and regulation of the Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division-type multidrug efflux pumps MdtABC and MdtUVW from the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora

Pletzer, Daniel; Weingart, Helge

doi:10.1186/1471-2180-14-185

Table 1 Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles

From: Characterization and regulation of the Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division-type multidrug efflux pumps MdtABC and MdtUVW from the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora

Drug	MIC (μg/ml)^a
	Ea1189	Ea1189.ΔmdtABC	Ea1189.ΔmdtUVW	Ea1189-3	Ea1189-3 pBlueSK.mdtABC	Ea1189-3 pBlueKS.mdtUVW
Phytochemicals
Apple extract	> 100000	> 100000	> 100000	25000	50000	25000
Tannin	625	625	625	1250	5000	1250
Flavones
Apigenin	> 2500	> 2500	> 2500	31.2	125	> 1000
Daidzein	1000	1000	1000	156	1000	1000
Genistein	> 1000	> 1000	> 1000	62.5	125	> 1000
Kaempferol	> 5000	> 5000	> 5000	250	1000	1000
Luteolin	> 1000	> 1000	> 1000	12.5	25	> 100
Myricetin	2500	2500	2500	1250	1250	1250
Naringenin	1000	1000	1000	250	250	1000
Quercitin	5000	5000	5000	2500	2500	5000
Orobol	1000	1000	1000	31.2	31.2	1000
β-Lactams
Ampicillin	312	312	312	25	50	50
Carbenicillin	312	312	312	50	50	50
Cefepime	12.5	12.5	12.5	0.16	0.31	0.16
Cefoxitin	62.5	62.5	62.5	25	25	25
Cefsulodin	156	156	156	50	50	50
Ceftazidime	1000	1000	1000	6.2	6.2	6.2
Cloxacillin	2500	2500	2500	25	25	25
Oxacillin	1250	1250	1250	12.5	25	25
Ticarcillin	250	250	250	50	50	50
Aminoglycosides
Amikacin	3.1	3.1	3.1	5	5	5
Gentamicin	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
Kanamycin	6.2	6.2	6.2	> 100	> 100	> 100
Neomycin	3.1	3.1	3.1	> 100	> 100	> 100
Streptomycin	3.1	3.1	3.1	5	5	5
Tobramycin	1.2	1.2	1.2	5	5	5
Antibiotics
Chloramphenicol	3.1	3.1	3.1	1.5	1.5	1.5
Erythromycin	1.2	1.2	1.2	0.3	0.3	0.6
Fosfomycin	1250	1250	1250	156	312	156
Fusidic acid	250	250	250	6.2	62.5	100
Josamycin	250	250	250	6.2	50	12.5
Lincomycin	1250	1250	1250	78	78	78
Norfloxacin	0.13	0.13	0.13	0.03	0.03	0.06
Novobiocin	125	125	125	6.2	100	100
Rifampicin	50	50	50	31.2	31.2	50
Tetracycline	2.5	2.5	2.5	0.63	1.25	1.25
Trimethoprim	625	625	625	625	625	625
Dyes
Acriflavine	31.2	31.2	31.2	25	25	25
Ethidium bromide	500	500	500	6.2	6.2	6.2
Antimicrobials
Bile	5000	5000	5000	625	2500	1250
Clotrimazole	> 1000	> 1000	> 1000	6.2	6.2	> 100
Indole	625	625	625	625	625	625
SDS	625	625	625	125	125	250
Heavy metals
Cadmium acetate	25	25	25	25	25	25
Copper sulfate	1250	1250	1250	1250	1250	1250
Silver nitrate	6.2	6.2	6.2	6.2	25	6.25
Sodium tungstate	125000	125000	125000	62500	62500	62500
Zinc sulfate	312	312	312	312	625	312

^aMIC values were determined by the 2-fold dilution assay in three or more independent experiments with similar results. Boldface numbers indicate a more than 2-fold higher MIC. ND, not determined.
MIC values were determined from an E. amylovora wild-type strain, mdtABC mutant, and mdtUVW mutant, as well as from an acrB mutant Ea1189-3 complemented with MdtABC-overexpression plasmid pBlueSK.mdtABC or MdtUVW-overexpression plasmid pBlueKS.mdtUVW-ext.

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ISSN: 1471-2180

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