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Table 1 Percentage of resting cells formed after stress exposure

From: Formation and characterization of non-growth states in Clostridium thermocellum: spores and L-forms

Stress type

Specific modification

Percent spores

Percent L-forms

MTC media (control)

No modifications

0

0

Nutrient limitation

Reduced cellulose (1g L-1)

0

0

Nutrient limitation

Low phosphorous

0

0

Nutrient limitation

Low nitrogen

0

0

Nutrient limitation

No vitamins

4.2 ± 2.8

0

Inhibitor

Added ethanol

0

0

Inhibitor

Added acetate

0

0

Oxidative stress

Added oxygen

6.6 ± 4.0

0

Substrate change

Transfer from cellulose to cellobiose

6.9 ± 3.7

0

Substrate changes

Transfer from cellobiose to cellulose

6.2 ± 3.7

0

Starvation

Depletion of substrate during steady state growth

0

98.0 ± 0.017

  1. Conditions predicted to be unfavorable for growth were tested to determine which stressors cause C. thermocellum to form spores or L-forms. The percentage of resting cells to total cells is shown. Error represents one standard deviation, n = 3.