Chemical modulators of the innate immune response alter gypsy moth larval susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis

Broderick, Nichole A; Raffa, Kenneth F; Handelsman, Jo

doi:10.1186/1471-2180-10-129

Table 2 Effects of bacterial cell-derived immune elicitors on susceptibility of third-instar gypsy moth larvae reared without enteric bacteria (antibiotics) or with enteric bacteria (no antibiotics) to B. thuringiensis (Bt).

From: Chemical modulators of the innate immune response alter gypsy moth larval susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis

a) Bt cell preparation (DiPel, 50 IU)
		Reared without antibiotics	Reared with antibiotics
Rearing treatment	Elicitor added to *B. thuringiensis*	Bt alone	Bt alone
No Antibiotics	Bt alone	--	< 0.0001
No Antibiotics	Enterobacter sp. NAB3	0.6882	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Enterobacter sp. NAB3	0.0956	< 0.0001
No Antibiotics	Crude lipopolysaccharide	0.8231	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Crude lipopolysaccharide	0.0001	0.4942
No Antibiotics	Purified lipopolysaccharide	0.7268	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Purified lipopolysaccharide	< 0.0001	0.5731
No Antibiotics	Bacillus cereus peptidoglycan	0.0582	0.0100
Antibiotics	Bacillus cereus peptidoglycan	0.0065	0.7331
No Antibiotics	Vibrio fisheri peptidoglycan	0.1092	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Vibrio fisheri peptidoglycan	0.0010	0.1276
No Antibiotics	Tracheal cytotoxin	0.0539	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Tracheal cytotoxin	0.4070	< 0.0001
No Antibiotics	Lysozyme-digested V. fisheri peptidoglycan	0.2622	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Lysozyme-digested V. fisheri peptidoglycan	0.2356	< 0.0001
No Antibiotics	Lysozyme-digested V. fisheri peptidoglycan + purified lipopolysaccharide	0.1120	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Lysozyme-digested V. fisheri peptidoglycan + purified lipopolysaccharide	0.2328	0.0002
b) Bt Cry1Ac toxin (MVPII, 20 ug)
		Reared without antibiotics	Reared with antibiotics
Rearing treatment	Elicitor added to *B. thuringiensis*	Bt alone	Bt alone
No Antibiotics	Bt alone	--	0.0202
No Antibiotics	Enterobacter sp. NAB3	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Enterobacter sp. NAB3	0.7182	0.0002
No Antibiotics	Crude lipopolysaccharide	0.6689	0.0919
Antibiotics	Crude lipopolysaccharide	0.0440	0.8517
No Antibiotics	Purified lipopolysaccharide	0.8138	0.0038
Antibiotics	Purified lipopolysaccharide	0.0456	0.5915
No Antibiotics	Bacillus cereus peptidoglycan	0.0651	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Bacillus cereus peptidoglycan	0.0264	0.1951
No Antibiotics	Vibrio fisheri peptidoglycan	0.5111	0.0056
Antibiotics	Vibrio fisheri peptidoglycan	0.0196	0.8623
No Antibiotics	Tracheal cytotoxin	0.9977	0.0116
Antibiotics	Tracheal cytotoxin	0.0188	0.8914
No Antibiotics	Lysozyme-digested V. fisheri peptidoglycan	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Lysozyme-digested V. fisheri peptidoglycan	0.7613	0.0001
No Antibiotics	Lysozyme-digested V. fisheri peptidoglycan + purified lipopolysaccharide	0.0005	< 0.0001
Antibiotics	Lysozyme-digested V. fisheri peptidoglycan + purified lipopolysaccharide	0.5645	< 0.0001

Two formulations of B. thuringiensis, DiPel 50 IU (a) and MVPII 20 μg (b), were assayed. The significance (p-values) of the log-rank test comparing larval mortality of each experimental treatment group to Bt alone or Bt alone when reared with antibiotics is shown.

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ISSN: 1471-2180

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